Example for extension rtgdictionary.

ext_tables.sql

Add a new field to SQL table (marked with red color). You must update extension in Extension manager in function Information.

#
# Table structure for table 'tx_rtgdictionary_terms'
#
CREATE TABLE tx_rtgdictionary_terms (
	...
	file blob NOT NULL,
	author int(11) DEFAULT '0' NOT NULL,
	status int(11) DEFAULT '0' NOT NULL,
	PRIMARY KEY (uid),
	KEY parent (pid)
);

ext_tables.php

$TCA["tx_rtgdictionary_terms"] = array (
	...
	"feInterface" => array (
		"fe_admin_fieldList" => "term, category, description, image, file, author, status",
	)
);

locallang_db.xml, pi1/locallang.xml

Setup for default (english) and slovak language.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" standalone="yes" ?>
<T3locallang>
	<meta type="array">
		<type>database</type>
		<description>Language labels for database tables/fields belonging to extension 'rtgdictionary'</description>
	</meta>
	<data type="array">
		<languageKey index="default" type="array">
			...
			<label index="tx_rtgdictionary_terms.file">Document</label>
			<label index="tx_rtgdictionary_terms.author">Author</label>
			<label index="tx_rtgdictionary_terms.status">Status</label>
			...
		</languageKey>
		<languageKey index="sk" type="array">
			...
			<label index="tx_rtgdictionary_terms.file">Dokument</label>
			<label index="tx_rtgdictionary_terms.author">Autor</label>
			<label index="tx_rtgdictionary_terms.status">Stav</label>
			...
		</languageKey>
	</data>
</T3locallang>

tca.php

Add new field to TCA table. For setup column type see http://typo3.org/documentation/document-library/core-documentation/doc_core_api/4.1.0/view/4/2/#id3651270

$TCA["tx_rtgdictionary_terms"] = array (
	...
	"interface" => array (
		"showRecordFieldList" => "term,category,description,image,file,author,status"
	),
	...
	"columns" => array (
		...
		"author" => Array (		
			"exclude" => 1,		
			"label" => "LLL:EXT:rtgdictionary/locallang_db.xml:tx_rtgdictionary_terms.author",		
			"config" => Array (
				"type" => "select",	
				"items" => Array (
					Array("",0),
				),
				"foreign_table" => "fe_users",	
				"foreign_table_where" => "AND fe_users.pid=###STORAGE_PID### ORDER BY fe_users.uid",	
				"size" => 1,	
				"minitems" => 0,
				"maxitems" => 1,
			)
		),
		"status" => Array (		
			"exclude" => 1,		
			"label" => "LLL:EXT:rtgdictionary/locallang_db.xml:tx_rtgdictionary_terms.status",		
			"config" => Array (
				"type" => "select",
				"items" => Array (
					Array("noactive", "0"),
					Array("active", "1"),
				),
				"size" => 1,	
				"maxitems" => 1,
			)
		),
	),
	"types" => array (
		"0" => array("showitem" => "term;;;;1-1-1, category, description, image, file, author, status")
	),
	...
);

pi1/template_1.html

Add field to HTML template in view SINGLE (detail).

<h2>Term detail view template (SINGLE)</h2>
<!-- ###SINGLE_TERM### begin -->
    <table class="list">
        <tbody>
            <tr>
                <th>###TERMS_TERM_TITLE###</th>
                <td>###TERMS_TERM### (###TERMS_STATUS###)</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <th>###TERMS_CATEGORY_TITLE###</th>
                <td>###TERMS_CATEGORY###</td>
            </tr>
		...
		</tbody>
	</table>
<!-- ###SINGLE_TERM### end -->

pi1/class.tx_rtgdictionary_pi1.php

Update class PI1 for rendering new field to subpart SINGLE (mark ###TERMS_STATUS###). Code row insert in function parseTemplateSingleTerm().

...
$marks['###TERMS_FILE###'] = $term['file'];
$marks['###TERMS_AUTHOR###'] = $term['author'];
$marks['###TERMS_STATUS###'] = $term['status'];
$marks['###TERMS_DESCRIPTION###'] = $term['description'];
...